We show how real estate ownership is becoming increasingly polarized: both the share of households without any property at all as well as the share of households with multiple properties is increasing. Our analysis is based on data from the Spanish survey Encuesta Financiera de Familias covering the period 2002–2017. We extend this line of research by looking at change over time and quantifying the importance of two opposing trends related to housing for wealth inequality: declining homeownership rates and increases in multiple property ownership. Recent research has shown that differences in the distribution of real estate wealth across households are the most important explanation for cross-national variation in wealth inequality. These findings provide new evidence of how the so-called sharing economy is playing a central role in the intensification of the commodification of housing and how this is correlated with the intensive touristification of urban areas. They are also located in working-class neighbourhoods with lower housing prices with great potential for investors due to their proximity to tourist sites. At the city level, clusters of Airbnb concentrations are located in central areas where short-term rentals tend to be more expensive. These are the largest cities, coastal tourist regions and archipelagos. At national level, the urban areas with the highest concentration of Airbnb listings are those with the highest tourist demand. The results obtained confirmed a pattern of concentration that validates our central hypothesis: the uneven distribution of Airbnb listings has a strong spatial correlation with the potential for generating new profits in the housing market. A multiscale analysis enabled us to identify the socio-economic, tourism market and housing stock variables that have had the greatest influence on the proliferation of short-term rental offers. It was based on geolocalised data for all the Airbnb listings in the country. This article analyses the spatiality of the proliferation of short-term rentals in Spain.
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